The Cloudflare Blog: Cloudflare incident on September 17, 2024

Source URL: https://blog.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-incident-on-september-17-2024
Source: The Cloudflare Blog
Title: Cloudflare incident on September 17, 2024

Feedly Summary: On September 17, 2024, during planned routine maintenance, Cloudflare stopped announcing 15 IPv4 prefixes, affecting some Business plan websites for approximately one hour. During this time, IPv4 traffic for these customers would not have reached Cloudflare and users attempting to connect to websites using addresses within those prefixes would have received errors.

AI Summary and Description: Yes

Summary: The text details an incident experienced by Cloudflare on September 17, 2024, where a software error led to the inadvertent withdrawal of IPv4 prefixes impacting numerous customer websites. While the incident did not result from an external attack, it highlights significant operational and software management challenges related to legacy systems. For security and compliance professionals, this incident emphasizes the importance of robust testing and verification processes in cloud infrastructure management.

Detailed Description:
The incident described reveals both a significant operational challenge and a learning opportunity for Cloudflare. The software error during routine maintenance highlights vulnerabilities in managing legacy infrastructure and underscores the need for stringent operational practices, particularly when handling finite resources like IPv4 addresses.

Key points include:

– **Incident Overview:**
– On September 17, 2024, Cloudflare experienced an outage due to the unintentional withdrawal of 15 IPv4 prefixes, which rendered over 1,661 customer websites unreachable for about an hour.
– The problem originated from an internal software error, rather than a cyberattack.

– **Operational Context:**
– The company has been managing IP address changes since 2019 through a dedicated team aiming to simplify address usage and free up IPv4 space for new locations.
– IPv4 addresses are a finite resource, necessitating careful management and periodic renumbering.

– **Root Cause and Technical Detail:**
– The issue stemmed from a code update related to legacy SSL configurations, which inadvertently suppressed updates for some websites not using legacy certificates.
– The renumbering process led to incorrect assumptions about website migrations, which were not verified post-update.

– **Incident Timeline:**
– 17:41 UTC: Initiation of the withdrawal of prefixes.
– 17:51 UTC: BGP announcements for the prefixes began, leading to the drop in traffic.
– 18:36 UTC: Customer escalations led to the declaration of an incident.
– 18:50 UTC: Rollback of the release, restoration of prefixes and traffic.

– **Immediate Fixes and Future Prevention Measures:**
– Cloudflare immediately rolled back the changes to restore operations.
– They identified the need for comprehensive testing to ensure all websites are properly mapped to their new addresses before any withdrawal.
– Improvements to processes for traffic verification before making changes to IP address assignments are planned.
– A review of old code systems will be undertaken to modernize and ensure better understanding of processes.

– **Operational Takeaway:**
– Recognition of the potential vulnerabilities in legacy code systems and the importance of establishing robust verification and testing processes.
– Commitment to preventing future occurrences through increased diligence in software management and operational procedures.

For security and compliance professionals, this incident serves as a critical lesson on the importance of maintaining the integrity of systems that manage cloud infrastructure. Not only does it expose the risks associated with legacy systems, but it also illustrates the value of continuous improvement in incident management processes.